This code performs the following operations: 1. **Input Initialization:** ...

This code performs the following operations:

1. Input Initialization:

   • A Scanner object in is created to read input from the user.
   • The first integer input, t, is read, representing the number of test cases.

2. Outer Loop for Test Cases:

   • A loop runs t times (once for each test case).
   • Inside the loop, three integers (a, b, n) are read:
     • a: The starting integer value.
     • b: The value to add repeatedly in the series.
     • n: The number of terms to generate in the series.

3. Series Calculation:

   • The initial sum is calculated as a + b.
   • A nested loop generates n terms for the current test case:
     • The current sum is printed.
     • sum is updated using Math.pow(2, j) (2 raised to the power of j), multiplied by b, and added to the previous value of sum.

4. Output Formatting:

   • All terms for the current test case are printed on one line, separated by spaces.
   • After completing one test case, a new line is printed.

5. Closing Scanner:

   • The Scanner object is closed after all input processing.

Explanation of the Series

For each test case, the code generates the following series of numbers:

a + b, a + b + (2^1 * b), a + b + (2^1 * b) + (2^2 * b), ...

The terms are cumulatively updated by adding multiples of b scaled by powers of 2.

Example:

Input:

1
5 3 5

• t = 1: There is one test case.
• a = 5, b = 3, n = 5.

For this test case:

• First term: 5 + 3 = 8
• Second term: 8 + (2^1 * 3) = 8 + 6 = 14
• Third term: 14 + (2^2 * 3) = 14 + 12 = 26
• Fourth term: 26 + (2^3 * 3) = 26 + 24 = 50
• Fifth term: 50 + (2^4 * 3) = 50 + 48 = 98

Output:

8 14 26 50 98