This program performs calculations based on input data and prints...

This program performs calculations based on input data and prints a series of numbers for each test case. Here's a detailed breakdown of what the code does:

Key Steps:

1. Input Reading:

   • The program starts by taking user input using a Scanner.
   • The first input (t) specifies the number of test cases.

2. Outer Loop (Iterating over Test Cases):

   • For each test case (up to t times), the program reads three integers:
     • a: A base number.
     • b: A value used for computing the series.
     • n: The number of terms to calculate in the series for the current test case.

3. Generating and Printing a Series:

   • The inner for loop runs n times, generating n terms of a series.
   • A variable multiplier is updated in each iteration using the formula multiplier = 2 * multiplier + 1. This creates values corresponding to powers of 2 minus 1.
     • For example, if j = 0, 1, 2, 3, then multiplier becomes 1, 3, 7, 15, etc.
   • Each term of the series is computed as:
     a + b * multiplier
   • The calculated term is printed as part of the series for the test case.

4. Printing Results:

   • After computing the terms for the current test case, it prints a newline and begins processing the next test case.

5. Closing Resources:

   • After all test cases are processed, the Scanner object is closed to free system resources.

Example Execution:

Input:

2
5 3 4
0 2 5

Explanation:

• t = 2 (2 test cases).

• First Test Case:

  • a = 5, b = 3, n = 4.
  • Generate the series:
    • j = 0: multiplier = 1 → 5 + 3 * 1 = 8
    • j = 1: multiplier = 3 → 5 + 3 * 3 = 14
    • j = 2: multiplier = 7 → 5 + 3 * 7 = 26
    • j = 3: multiplier = 15 → 5 + 3 * 15 = 50
  • Output: 8 14 26 50

• Second Test Case:

  • a = 0, b = 2, n = 5.
  • Generate the series:
    • j = 0: multiplier = 1 → 0 + 2 * 1 = 2
    • j = 1: multiplier = 3 → 0 + 2 * 3 = 6
    • j = 2: multiplier = 7 → 0 + 2 * 7 = 14
    • j = 3: multiplier = 15 → 0 + 2 * 15 = 30
    • j = 4: multiplier = 31 → 0 + 2 * 31 = 62
  • Output: 2 6 14 30 62

Final Output:

8 14 26 50
2 6 14 30 62

Summary:

This code calculates a series of numbers for multiple test cases based on the formula: a + b * (2^j - 1), where j is the index of terms in the series (from 0 to n-1). The results for each test case are printed on new lines.