This code contains nested `while` loops. Here's what it does...

This code contains nested while loops. Here's what it does step by step:

1. Outer Loop (while i < 3):

   • This loop runs while the variable i is less than 3.
   • At each iteration of the outer loop, it prints 'x' and executes the inner loop.

2. Inner Loop (while j < 3):

   • For every iteration of the outer loop, the variable j is initialized to 0, and the inner loop runs while j is less than 3.
   • At each iteration of the inner loop, it prints 'y' and increments j by 1.

3. After the inner loop completes (i.e., j reaches 3), the outer loop increments the value of i by 1 and repeats until i also reaches 3.

Output of the code:

x
y
y
y
x
y
y
y
x
y
y
y

Explanation of the output:

• The outer loop runs 3 times (for i = 0, 1, 2).
• For each iteration of the outer loop:
  • 'x' is printed once.
  • The inner loop runs 3 times (for j = 0, 1, 2), printing 'y' each time.

In total, 'x' is printed 3 times (once per outer loop iteration), and 'y' is printed 9 times (3 inner loop iterations × 3 outer loop iterations).