The provided code generates a random integer within a specified...

The provided code generates a random integer within a specified range, inclusive of the min and max values. Here's a breakdown of how it works:

1. rand():

   • This generates a pseudo-random integer. The range of the value depends on the implementation, but typically it returns a value between 0 and RAND_MAX (a large constant defined in <cstdlib>).

2. rand() % (max - min + 1):

   • The modulus operator (%) ensures that the random number falls within the range [0, max - min]. This is done by taking the remainder when the random number is divided by (max - min + 1).

3. min + ...:

   • Adding min shifts the range of the random number to the desired range [min, max].

Final Output:

• randomNumber will be a random integer between min and max, inclusive.

Example:

If min = 5 and max = 10, the calculation would look like this:

• Random number generated by rand() might be 25.
• (25 % (10 - 5 + 1)) results in 25 % 6, which could yield a remainder in the range [0, 5].
• Adding min will shift this range to [5, 10].

Notes:

• Make sure to seed the random number generator (e.g., by calling srand with a unique value such as the current time) to avoid generating the same sequence of numbers every time the program runs. For example:

  srand(time(0));  // Seed the random number generator
  int randomNumber = min + (rand() % (max - min + 1));
  

In summary, the code snippet generates a random integer within the inclusive range [min, max].