This code defines a function `isPowerOfTwo` that determines whether a...

This code defines a function isPowerOfTwo that determines whether a given number n is a power of two or not. Here's how it works:

1. The function uses an infinite for loop (for(int i = 0;; i++)), iterating with the variable i starting from 0.
2. In each iteration:
   • The value of (2^i) (2 raised to the power of i) is calculated using std::pow(2, i) and stored in the variable currentPower.
   • If currentPower becomes greater than n, the function immediately returns false because n cannot be a power of two.
   • If currentPower is equal to n, the function returns true, indicating that n is indeed a power of two.
3. The loop continues until one of the above conditions is met.

Example Behavior:

• If n = 8, the function returns true because (2^3 = 8).
• If n = 7, the function returns false because (7) is not a power of two.
• If n = 0 or a negative number, the loop eventually checks all powers of two larger than n and returns false.

Efficiency Concerns:

• This implementation is functional but inefficient. It repeatedly calculates (2^i) using std::pow, which can be computationally expensive and imprecise for large values of i.
• A much more efficient way to check if a number is a power of two would be to use bitwise operations or simple arithmetic without looping. For example:

  bool isPowerOfTwo(long n) {
      return (n > 0) && ((n & (n - 1)) == 0);
  }